difference between alexandrian and antiochene christology pdf
The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. Developing a conducive digital environment where students can pursue their 10/12 level, degree and post graduate programs from the comfort of their homes even if they are attending a regular course at college/school or working. WebAntiochene exegetes tended to insist more than their Alexandrian counterparts on the importance of seeing each biblical passage in its context within the longer narrative of Israels history, and to search for practical, moral applications, while Alexandrian interpreters tended to be more interested in the theological and spiritual meaning. M. F. Wiles and E. J. Yarnold (Peeters: Leuven, 2001), 306. According to Edwards, the most that can be inferred from Origens extant writings is that the human soul is created in the hand of God immediately before embodiment, but this does not entail any supposed punitive fall from heaven, as Platonists contend. One of his favorite phrases is: The Logos suffered impassibly. The Alexandrian Christology is usually referred to as Christology from above, orLogos SarxChristology. The Letter and the Spirit: A History of Interpretation from Origen to Luther (New York: Peter Lang, 1995), 16. I was already a teacher by profession and I was searching for some B.Ed. WebThe notion that there existed a distinction between so-called Alexandrian and Antiochene exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. Externally, the schools are not as distinct as they have been made out to be: the Alexandrians do not allegorize away the OT as much as has been thought, and the Antiochenes are not necessarily more literal in their methods than the Alexandrians. 0000003186 00000 n Cyril insists that while of itself human nature is not powerful but passible, in its union with the godhead, as in the dynamic act of Incarnation, the human nature of the Logos thereby becomes an instrument of omnipotent power and thus, in a real thought paradoxical sense, an omnipotent instrument. i.e, word became flesh. [8] Wai-Shing Chau. !CYf} qC%/f9 jhA4i4OMUA\:>v'E3 {yhPVQgllY+5p}`NW. (LogOut/ Nestorius argued that Theotokos did not do justice to the fact that, strictly speaking, Mary was not the mother of God but rather the mother of the man whom Christian faith recognizes as divine and thus calls God. [9] These tenets include the participation of created objects in eternal, incorporeal Forms, the impossibility of predicating truth about God, and the transmigration of the soul. "Abstract. This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. St. Vladimirs Theological Quarterly 52, no. Por otro lado, el trmino Anthropotokos reconoce que Mara es la madre de este hombre, pero dicho trmino puede en s mismo dar a entender que l no es ms que un hombre, lo cual de nuevo es ofensivo a la fe cristiana ortodoxa en la deidad de Cristo. Thus, like his predecessors Philo and Clement, Origen believed that the essence of Mosaic Law is also found in natural law. [18] In fact, throughout his Romans commentary, Origen arguesthat Paul speaks more often of natural law than Mosaic Law. John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 140-41. Edwards also questions the common assumption that Origen held to a doctrine of the pre-existence of the soul. 16 and 33, Vetus Latina: Aus der Geschichte der lateinischen Bibel (Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany: Herder, 1990-1998). Nestorius was enthroned as archbishop on April 10th 428. Where Presbyterian faith meets postmodern culture. WebFrom 3rd to 4th century, Tertullian and Origen give a more complete doctrine of Christology. [9] Mark Edwards, Origen against Plato (Hampshire, England: Ashgate, 2002), 160-1. Ontological and dynamic aspects of deification through participation ( ) to the divine life, [Mitropolia Olteniei Journal 2014, Special Issue pp. For Ariu s Christ was a creature, generated Two interpretive traditions emerged: the Alexandrian and the Antiochene. [5] His anthropology followed the Greek notion of the inferiority of the physical to the rational, but he still affirmed the Jewish notion of God as Creator. [7], Such was the heritage of Origens forbears. Finally, I will conclude by arguing that the Reformed traditions approach to Mosaic Law contains both Alexandrian and Antiochene elements. I was in search of an online course; Perfect e Learn Our Degree programs are offered by UGC approved Indian universities and recognized by competent authorities, thus successful learners are eligible for higher studies in regular mode and attempting PSC/UPSC exams. 0000005651 00000 n [14] Origen was persuaded that all rational creatures, excepting young children,[15] were accountable to some law or another. Nestorio fue entronizado como arzobispo el 10 de abril 428. However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful in exegetical studies. He found, in the expressions Mother of God and God suffering, little more than an ignorant piety that had cut so many corners in its implications that it stood very close to pagan mythical conceptions of the deity. WebCyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. Origen (ca. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. Part 1can be readhere. The New Testament describes the early controversy over the question of whether to circumcise Gentile believers (Acts 15). Then, there were many different viewpoints of the doctrine proposed by Alexandrian School (ex: Arius, Athansius, and Apollinarius) and Antiochene School (ex: Emerge as a leading e learning system of international repute where global students can find courses and learn online the popular future education. In scriptural exegesis it placed more emphasis on the [19] This supports Origens insistence that there is no distinction between Jew and Gentile. [25] Thomas Scheck, Law, in The Westminster Handbook to Origen, ed. [24] Without a temple, there no longer existed the possibility of a priesthood or a sacrificial system. One important distinction is that between Mosaic Law and natural law. This makes Origen unique among early Christian interpreters in ascribing such a pedagogical significance to the fall of Jerusalem. Grade 10 and 12 level courses are offered by NIOS, Indian National Education Board established in 1989 by the Ministry of Education (MHRD), India. 0000004309 00000 n 0000008102 00000 n Para Nestorio, el lenguaje del intercambio de propiedades era en general sospechoso, y con frecuencia odioso. Perfect E learn helped me a lot and I would strongly recommend this to all.. [3] According to Elizabeth Lauro, the somatic sense can be understood as literal, whereas the psychic and pneumatic senses are non-literal. Further, Origens treatment of the literal sense of a given passage sometimes led him to reject its historicity. It is at once powerful and fragile, majestic and humble. WebAlexandrian and Antiochian approaches to hermeneutics as deployed by John Chrysostom and Gregory of Nyssa as they work with the Beatitudes Typically, the view of Alexandrian and Antiochian hermeneutics has been one of dichotomy: Alexandrians were allegorical, and Antiochians were literal-historical. This sets up another important distinction in Origens conception of Mosaic Lawnamely, that between the ceremonial law and the moral law. This article questions the value of the categories the school of Antioch and Antiochene christology on the basis of the significant theological differences between the two central figures in the school: John Chrysostom and Theodore of Mopsuestia, both of whom studied together at the school of Diodore of Tarsus in the late fourth century. Such blending of Greek and Jewish categories is also seen in his handling of Mosaic Law. WebThe Alexandrian and Antiochian Christological Thoughts1 Many scholars attribute the problem of the Christological formula concerning the nature of Christ "Mia-physis and Dyophyses" to the controversy between the Alexandrian and the Antiochian theology. These and works of a similar nature are the works by which he says no one can be saved[21], Three observations ought to be noted here. [2] Henning Graf Reventlow, History of Biblical Interpretation, trans. The goal of this paper will be to evaluate the life and work of one representative of the Alexandrian tradition, Origen of Alexandria. There is no record of a formal school such as apparently existed at alexandria, although lucian of antioch directed his didascalion and Diodore of Tarsus his As a result, the Alexandrians tended to see Mosaic Law in terms of continuity, and the Antiochenes tended to see it in terms of discontinuity. Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. THE TRIAL OF EUTYCHES: A NEW INTERPRETATION, Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church - Mark J. Edwards, Compare and contrast the theological schools of Alexandria and Antioch. Theological History of Two Natures/One Person, The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius Constantinople, Nestorius did not intend to argue that Christ had a dual nature, but that view became labeled Nestorianism (PRO), The Two Is of Christ: Revisiting the Christological Controversy, El rechazo del trmino Theotokos por Nestorio de Constantinopla y la refutacin de su enseanza por Cirilo de Alejan, La Virgen Mara, Theotokos, y Cristo, verdadero Dios y verdadero Hombre. [4] The difference between the two non-literal senses is that the psychic concerns day-to-day ethical living, while the pneumatic concerns higher theological and christological truths. [13] Origen, Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, Books 1-5, trans. trailer << /Size 68 /Info 40 0 R /Root 43 0 R /Prev 25978 /ID[<3b600cd983abb0cf4f9f19502a618cce><3b600cd983abb0cf4f9f19502a618cce>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 43 0 obj << /Pages 41 0 R /Type /Catalog /Outlines 14 0 R >> endobj 66 0 obj << /S 85 /T 149 /O 195 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 67 0 R >> stream Philo affirmed its authority, but unlike the rabbis of his day, he believed that this authority was found in the realm of ideas which transcended the wording of the text itself. 0000007699 00000 n You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Externally, the schools are not as distinct as they have been made out to be: the Alexandrians do not allegorize away the OT as much as has been thought, and the Antiochenes are not necessarily more literal in their methods than the Alexandrians. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. According to Marcion, the material world was created by an inferior deity known as a Demiurge, who revealed himself to the Hebrews and gave them a law of strict retributive justice. These are the somatic, the psychic, and the pneumatic senses. It is indeed a good and necessary step in the hermeneutical process. Cyrils Single Subjectivity and the Prosopic Union., Nestorius and Cyril: 5th Century Christological Division and Re, The Volition of Christ: A Contextual and Philosophical Christology Study, THE CHRISTIAN PARADIGM OF A UNITED EUROPE Theologie and Mystique in the Work of Saint Cyril of Alexandria, CHRISTOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF THE SYRIAC FATHERS. Note: this paper was previously written for a class on the History of Biblical Interpretation at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. The literal sense is thus reduced to a mere receptacle, playing only an instrumental or subordinate role. 0000008544 00000 n Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. En una carta a Cirilo, Nestorio sostiene que Cirilo tena razn al ensear que las dos naturalezas de Cristo se unieron en una sola persona, y que tambin acertaba al decir que la divinidad no puede sufrir en s misma, pero que cuando contina diciendo que la deidad participa en el sufrimiento, l echa a perder toda su buena obra. Hb```5x(1a.@qgUn+870p005x@g2b)(| OL Origens Hermeneutic in Historical Context. [25], Third, Origen does not argue that the letters proper function is to kill. WebANTIOCH, SCHOOL OF The common doctrinal tendencies, particularly in exegesis and Christology, that characterized the theological thinkers and writers who represented the Antiochian tradition. 85-160), whose name has become synonymous with an excessively lowview of the Old Testament. 0000009443 00000 n Perfect E Learn is committed to impart quality education through online mode of learning the future of education across the globe in an international perspective. [18] Cf. Whether or not one is persuaded of Edwardss argument here, it is true that Origen sees bodily existence as basically good. In particular, I will focus on his Commentary on Romans and show how his hermeneutical distinction between letter and spirit favors the continuity of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. For him, God the Logos raised the dead Lazarus, while the man Jesus wept at the tomb. Rather than being a prison house, our bodies give us the opportunity to exercise virtue and grow into the likeness of God. Rather, the destruction of the Jewish temple in AD 70 nullified literal observance of the law. Cirilo insiste en que, si bien por s misma la propia naturaleza humana no es poderosa, sino pasible, en su unin con la divinidad, como en el dinmico acto de la Encarnacin, la naturaleza humana del Logos se convierte as en un instrumento del poder omnipotente, y, por tanto en un sentido real, aunque mentalmente paradjico, en un instrumento omnipotente. Such a categorization would overlook the dual aspect of every text of Scripture. This Demiurge was not inherently evil, but was nevertheless inferior to the God of love and compassion revealed by Jesus. Although Philo was Jewish, his impact would prove to be far greater on later Christian interpreters, such as Clement. However, it is not the final step. Philo, a wealthy first-century Jew, was well known for his efforts to integrate Greek philosophy and Jewish theology. 0000008565 00000 n John Anthony McGuckin (Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, 2004), 139. Dr. Pittenger's Criticism of the Alexandrine Christology.-In one place Dr. Pittenger admits that the Alexandrine and the Antiochene are two legitimate ways of thinking on the Person of our Lord, and that each of them will have adherents and admirers all the time. Origens doctrine of the body seems to directly parallel his doctrine of biblical interpretation. James O. Duke (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2009), 1:174-78. 0000001237 00000 n [12] The critical edition of Origens commentary in the original Latin can be found in Caroline P. Hammond Bammel, Der Rmerbriefkommentar des Origenes: kritische Ausgabe der bersetzung Rufins, vols. have discontinued my MBA as I got a sudden job opportunity after (LogOut/ If Jesus was only human, Cyril argues, and God was elsewhere, the Incarnation, the Word become flesh, would be meaningless. 3:6). My childs preference to complete Grade 12 from Perfect E Learn was almost similar to other children. For instance, Wai-Shing Chau writes that Origen was operating on a Middle-platonic scheme, as is evident in his notions concerning the Father as the supreme mind, the existence of intermediaries between mind and the material world, and the pre-existence of the soul. 0000009410 00000 n Si Jess era humano, argumenta Cirilo, y si Dios estaba en otro lugar, la Encarnacin, la Palabra hecha carne, carecera de sentido. Therefore, Origen understands the contrast between law and gospel not as one of judgment versus mercy, but rather imperfect religion versus perfect religion. in KSA, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Oman and Bahrain. But the nature and extent of this discontinuity would continue to be debated. Cyril of Alexandria was not only one of the finest Christian theologians of his day, he also stands out in the ranks of the greatest patristic writers of all generations as perhaps the most powerful exponent of Christology the church has known. In these works, Origen describes a threefold distinction in the meanings of Scripture, which correspond to body, soul, and spirit. Ever since its inception, the church has struggled to understand the proper place of Mosaic Law in Christian ethics. On the other hand, the term Anthropotokos acknowledges that Mary is the mother of this man but can itself be taken to suggest that he is merely a man, which again is offensive to orthodox Christian faith in the deity of Christ. Origens defense of Mosaic Law in his Commentary on Romans is rather complex, and it may be helpful to analyze his argument topically, in terms of various distinctions that he makes. [8] On the other hand, Mark Edwards has recently argued in his book Origen against Plato that Origen denies many of the fundamental tenets of Platonism. WebANTIOCHENE THEOLOGY The dominant theology of the early Church in Antioch. In other words, Lx0d`U}rY @ v Qe` v6SG 1>} Z` mN | endstream endobj 67 0 obj 178 endobj 44 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 41 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 45 0 R /F1 48 0 R >> /ProcSet 64 0 R >> /Contents [ 50 0 R 52 0 R 54 0 R 56 0 R 58 0 R 60 0 R 62 0 R 65 0 R ] /Thumb 29 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 596 851 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 596 851 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 45 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F0 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman,Bold /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 555 500 500 1000 833 278 333 333 500 570 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 570 570 570 500 930 722 667 722 722 667 611 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 778 722 556 667 722 722 1000 722 722 667 333 278 333 581 500 333 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 500 500 444 394 220 394 520 778 500 778 333 500 500 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 1000 778 667 778 778 333 333 500 500 350 500 1000 333 1000 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 220 500 333 747 300 500 570 333 747 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 540 250 333 300 330 500 750 750 750 500 722 722 722 722 722 722 1000 722 667 667 667 667 389 389 389 389 722 722 778 778 778 778 778 570 778 722 722 722 722 722 611 556 500 500 500 500 500 500 722 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 556 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 556 556 556 556 500 556 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 46 0 R >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman,Bold /Flags 16418 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1165 1000 ] /MissingWidth 323 /StemV 136 /StemH 136 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 971 /AvgWidth 427 >> endobj 47 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /TimesNewRoman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -250 -216 1165 1000 ] /MissingWidth 323 /StemV 73 /StemH 73 /ItalicAngle 0 /CapHeight 891 /XHeight 446 /Ascent 891 /Descent -216 /Leading 149 /MaxWidth 971 /AvgWidth 401 >> endobj 48 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /Name /F1 /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 255 /Widths [ 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 200 480 541 778 500 778 333 500 444 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 889 778 611 778 778 333 333 444 444 350 500 1000 333 980 389 333 722 778 444 722 250 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 500 564 333 760 500 400 549 300 300 333 576 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 564 722 722 722 722 722 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 549 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /FontDescriptor 47 0 R >> endobj 49 0 obj 1264 endobj 50 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 49 0 R >> stream Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 0000001508 00000 n WebAlexandria as they had his teacher Origen, but Arius almost single-handedly ushered in an era in which the church was well-nigh intoxicated with Christology, though he did so from a Trinitarian perspective and did not waste much time on the articulation between Christs disparate natures. Antiochene theology Quick Reference A modern designation for a style of theology associated with the Church at Antioch, contrasted with Alexandrine theology. Had a great experience here. As a result, the Alexandrians tended to see Mosaic Law in terms of continuity, and the Antiochenes tended to see it in terms of discontinuity. Thanks to Moses and the ceremonial laws, a certain part of humankind began to be liberated from the kingdom of sin and death, and cleansing of sins began to be ushered in.[26] Origen even goes so far as to say that the Mosaic Law is a life-giving Spirit for those who understand it spiritually.[27] He argues that it is precisely on this point that both Jews and Marcionites fall into error. test, which makes it an ideal choice for Indians residing Para l, el Logos de Dios resucit a Lzaro de la muerte, mientras que el hombre Jess llor ante su tumba. El misterio de la Encarnacin segn Cirilo de Alejandra, From Philosophy to Pastoral: A Theological Review and the Pastoral Explications of the Doctrine of the Two Natures in Christ -Chalcedon and Luther, Cyril, Nestorius, and the Logos: A Re-Examination of Early Church Epistles, The Practical Christology of Philoxenos of Mabbug, E. Artemi, The Christological Controversy between Nestorius of Constantinople and Cyril of Alexandria, A Critical Assessment of St Cyril of Alexandrias On the Unity of Christ, and its Significance for Patristic and Modern Theology, Christological Controversies of the First Four Ecumenical Councils, Cyril of Alexandria and Gregory Nazianzen: Tradition and Complexity in Patristic Christology, The Early Christological Controversy: Apollinarius, Diodore, and Gregory Nazianzen. As mentioned above, Origen does not dismiss the literal meaning of Scripture. Even the ceremonial laws have a spiritual sense, although it may be comparatively more obscure than for the moral laws.
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