adele ann springsteen obituary
Picture: castiles.net Bruce Springsteen was born on 23rd September 1949 in Long Branch, New Jersey. He is the son of Adele Ann (Zerilli) and Douglas Frederick Springsteen. His father Douglas Frederick "Dutch" Springsteen was a bus driver, and his mother Adele Ann was a legal secretary who was his family's prominent breadwinner during his youth. She holds a masters degree in journalism from New York University. In fact, Alzheimers sufferers can often recall entire songs, including the beats or lyrics despite the negative impacts of the disease on a sufferers memory. The 10-show stand attracted media attention and was broadcast live on WNEW-FM. [232] Sam is a firefighter in Jersey City. You cannot merge a memorial into itself. The album is a mature reflection on the many faces of love found, lost and squandered, which only selectively used the E Street Band. Her other daughter, Virginia, married her boyfriend, Michael Mickey Shave, soon after completing high school. Previously, he had dated photographer Lynn Goldsmith and model Karen Darvin. [87], In 2002, Springsteen released his first studio effort with the full band in 18 years, The Rising, produced by Brendan O'Brien. [106] He performed "The Rising" with an all-female choir. "Springsteen" redirects here. Happy 95th birthday to Adele Ann Zerilli Springsteen (Brooklyn, May 4 1925), Bruce mum! In her mind, Springsteen needed the "track-by-track architecture of albums to flesh out characters, relate each to the other, extend metaphors and build a palpable, detail-strewn landscape through which they could travel". Bruce Springsteen always openly spoke about his relationship with his mother to whom he has immense admiration and love since he takes his mother to his concerts. [123][124][125], At year's end, the Wrecking Ball Tour was named Top Draw for having the top attendance out of any tour by the Billboard Touring Awards. He received good reviews for his early 1970s albums and gained fame worldwide after releasing his third album, Born to Run, in 1975. The Pointer Sisters hit No. Musically, this album was a turning point in Springsteen's career. Use your Rocks Off Mag account to vote in our "G.O.A.T. This is why many Alzheimers sufferers lose the ability to communicate through language. Springsteen wrote "The Wish" about mom Adele Ann Springsteen. . Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen was born in Long Branch, New Jersey, on September 23, 1949, and grew up in Freehold. When you buy via the links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission at no cost to you. [28] Later that year, his mother took out a loan to buy him a $60 Kent guitar, an act he later memorialized in his song "The Wish". A post shared by Bruce Springsteen (@springsteen). With over 20 studio albums to his name, The Boss, alongside the E Street Band, is one of the most successful artists of all time, Bruce Springsteen is an icon that will go down as a beloved figure in rock history. [136], On August 6, 2015, Springsteen performed "Land of Hope and Dreams" and "Born to Run" on the final episode of The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, as Stewart's final 'Moment of Zen'. For other uses, see, 20082011: Political involvement, Super Bowl XLIII, and Kennedy Center Honors, 20122018: Autobiography and Broadway show, "Blinded by the Light" would later be a hit for. ", During his emotional show, Springsteen also talked about his relationship with his father, Douglas Springsteen, who died in 1998. When music is played for Alzheimers sufferers, not only do they often immediately recall individual parts of the music, such as lyrics or rhythms but their brains are also directly stimulated. In his words, he said that his guitar, and him, were unpopular in his own house but thanked his late father later for the inspiration to his numerous songs. Six days after the column was printed, in a campaign rally in Hammonton, New Jersey, President Ronald Reagan said, "America's future rests in a thousand dreams inside your hearts. Facebook/Bruceteller is the source of this image. [235] Long-time bandmate Steven Van Zandt said in 2012, "[Springsteen is] the only guy I knowI think the only guy I know at allwho never did drugs. Adele Ann Springsteen, Bruce Springsteens mother, is profiled here. Adele Ann Zerilli; Adele Ann Zirilli; Spouses. They also took advantage of the opportunity to dance together to her favorite band. 4244, "Life's a Happy Song" Music and Lyrics by, "Glasgow (No Place Like Home)" Music and Lyrics by, The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle, Flix Houphout-Boigny International Airport, Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign, Shining a Light: A Concert for Progress on Race in America, Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign, Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band Reunion Tour, Bruce Springsteen with the Seeger Sessions Band Tour, List of awards and nominations received by Bruce Springsteen, List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. [62], A legal battle with former manager Mike Appel kept Springsteen out of the studio for nearly a year, during which time he kept the E Street Band together through extensive touring across the U.S. [17] Upon being drafted when he was 19, Springsteen failed the physical examination and avoided service in the Vietnam War because the concussion he had suffered in a motorcycle accident two years prior (and his behavior at induction) reportedly made him unacceptable for service. [231] She made her show-jumping debut with the Team USA in August 2014. Journalist Erik Kirschbaum called the concert "the most important rock concert ever, anywhere" in his 2013 book Rocking the Wall. Her parents and sisters lived on Bay Ridge Parkway when she was a child. ', "And when I put on Glen Miller and she starts moving in her chair she does, she does she starts reaching out for me, to take her in my arms once more and to dance with her across the floor. Three songs previously only available as live versions"Wrecking Ball", "Land of Hope and Dreams", and "American Land"appear on the album. She cant speak. IE 11 is not supported. What Does Lindsey Horans Boyfriend Tyler Heaps Do For a Living? Today. The band recorded two original songs at a public recording studio in Brick Township and played a variety of venues, including Cafe Wha? Its clear that Adele Ann Springsteen has a very special connection with music. The band performed five final shows at Giants Stadium, opening with a new song highlighting the historic stadium, and Springsteen's Jersey roots, named "Wrecking Ball". We need you! On April 17, 2008, Federici died of cancer.[101][102]. He was inducted into both the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1999, received the Kennedy Center Honors in 2009, named MusiCares person of the year in 2013, and awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama in 2016. "Remember that the future is not yet written, so when things look dark, do as my mighty mom would insist: Lace up your dancing shoes, get out on the floor and get to work," he said. Kat {{ relativeTimeResolver(1582576868284) }} LIVE . ', "For Springsteen and Giants Stadium, a Last Dance", "Clarence Clemons dies of complications from stroke", "Bruce Springsteen Announces New Album, Wrecking Ball", "Bruce Springsteen rocks out for Barack Obama", "Bruce joins President Obama and Jay Z in Ohio", "Obama makes last pitch with Boss, Jay-Z in Ohio", "Roger Waters and Bruce Springsteen win big at Billboard Touring Awards", "Madonna Edges Out Springsteen As Music's Top Money Maker", "Bruce Springsteen Nabs Three GRAMMY Nominations; "Springsteen" Gets Two More", "Bruce Springsteen Added To GRAMMY Performance Lineup", "50 Best Albums of 2012: Bruce Springsteen, 'Wrecking Ball', "Springsteen & I: fans tell their stories of The Boss", "Bruce Springsteen Aiming for 11th No. [79] Springsteen seemed to realize this a few years hence when he spoke humorously of his late father during his Rock and Roll Hall of Fame acceptance speech: I've gotta thank him becausewhat would I conceivably have written about without him? placement: 'Below Article Thumbnails 3rd', However, Adeles daughter, Pamela, left her acting career to pursue a career in photography. As a result, while Adele Ann Springsteen lived in Freehold, New Jersey with her husband and family, she was born and raised in Bay Ridge. Adele later moved to Freehold, New Jersey, with her parents and sisters, where she met her future husband, Bruce Springsteen. Later he performed Woody Guthrie's "This Land Is Your Land" with Pete Seeger. [80], Springsteen won an Academy Award in 1994 for his song "Streets of Philadelphia", which appeared on the soundtrack to the film Philadelphia. Highlights included a record sold-out, 15-show run at Continental Airlines Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey and a ten-night, sold-out engagement at New York City's Madison Square Garden. She was preceded in death by her parents, Baltazar and Adele (Gemigniani) Martinez; and sister, Rosita Herrera. [121], Following the release of the album, Springsteen and the E Street Band announced plans for the Wrecking Ball Tour, which began on March 18, 2012. It's part of your place in society, and in some way part of society's acceptance of you. Springsteen received press criticism for the apparent haste in which he and Scialfa started their relationship. Adele Ann is 94 years old. Jessica won a silver medal in the team showjumping category during the ongoing 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. Before moving to Adele's current city of Little Silver, NJ, Adele lived in Belmont CA. [211] In fact his fans are calling his name in an exaggerated way as "Bruuuce", which sounds like boos. They helped him become the lead guitarist and subsequently one of the lead singers of the Castiles. METZGER--Gloria. All the three kids of Adele Ann Springsteen with her husband, Douglas Springsteen, are married and have children. The American singer, songwriter, and musician Springsteen is both a solo artist and a part of the E Street Band. Two nights later, at a concert in Pittsburgh, Springsteen told the crowd, "Well, the president was mentioning my name in his speech the other day and I kind of got to wondering what his favorite album of mine must've been, you know? Later, after some weeks, the mother-son duo again attended another performance of Eddie Testa, which took place at the Patio Bar at Jack Bakers Wharfside Restaurant, Point Pleasant Beach. He released two more folk albums, Devils & Dust (2005) and We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions (2006), followed by two more albums with the E Street Band: Magic (2007) and Working on a Dream (2009). [70], "Dancing in the Dark" was the biggest of seven hit singles from Born in the U.S.A., peaking at No. This is where the processes for repetitive actions are stored. [37], In October 1972, Springsteen formed a new band for the recording of his debut album, Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. And they did not miss their chance to dance together to her favorite band. This technique was developed on the "Brilliant Disguise" video. Recalling old memories, Patti went on the stage to sing a few songs that night with a friend's band. Released on December 4, it contains four CDs (including many previously unreleased songs) and three DVDs (or Blu-ray) along with a 148-page coffee table book. [94], In April 2006, Springsteen released We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions, an American roots music project focused around a big folk sound treatment of 15 songs popularized by the radical musical activism of Pete Seeger. The first single and video were of a newly recorded version of the song "High Hopes", which Springsteen had previously recorded in 1995. [162][163] The single "Ghosts" was released on September 24, 2020. Bruce disclosed that his mothers family hails from Bay Ridge, Brooklyn while appearing on an episode of The Jimmy Kimmel Show in 2019. During the ongoing 2020 Tokyo Olympics, Jessica won a silver medal in the team showjumping division. He currently ages 71 years old. The River Tour 2016 began in January 2016 in support of The Ties That Bind: The River Collection box set. He also helped Springsteen perfect "Born to Run" by adding its memorable guitar line. [167], On November 16, 2020, Springsteen was featured as a guest singer for Bleachers' newest single, "Chinatown",[168] for their 3rd studio album Take the Sadness Out of Saturday Night. Mainly due to this, it was his mother, Adele Ann Springsteen who financially supported the familywho worked as a legal secretary. In a 1995 interview with The Advocate, he told Judy Wieder about the negative publicity the couple subsequently received: "It's a strange society that assumes it has the right to tell people whom they should love and whom they shouldn't. The album consists of eleven tracks plus two bonus tracks. [33] Elwood went on to praise the band's "cohesive musicality" and, in particular, singled out Springsteen as "a most impressive composer". The legendary musician, Bruce Springsteens parents, raised him in Freehold, New Jersey, residing on South Street. [183], On September 26, 2022, it was announced that Springsteen and his wife Patti Scialfa would perform at the inaugural Albie Awards at the New York Public Library on September 29, 2022. [252] Biden used "We Take Care of Our Own" as one of his theme songs, as Obama had before him in 2012. And theres still a kiss. He released his first album 'Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J' in 1973. Its clear that Adele Ann Springsteen has some very strong memories attached to music, and that they have helped to ease the symptoms of her Alzheimers in numerous ways. [201] In 2004, on their 500 Greatest Songs of All Time list, Rolling Stone included "Born to Run" (21), "Thunder Road" (86),[202] and "Born in the U.S.A." (275). I handled it badly, and I still feel badly about it. Pam Springsteen was born on 8 February 1962 in Freehold, New Jersey as part of a big family. SETHLUI.COM. In the 2005 documentary Wings for Wheels,[52] Springsteen called his friend's input on the track's main riff "arguably Steve's greatest contribution to my music. The album was the first by Springsteen in which all songs are either cover songs, newly recorded outtakes from previous records, or newly recorded versions of songs previously released. In fact, there was an extremely charming video that went viral a few years ago featuring the 91-year-old Adele dancing to her sons songs at Madison Square Garden along with Bruce. He said his faith had given him a "very active spiritual life" but joked that this "made it very difficult sexually" and added "once a Catholic, always a Catholic". Originally, the lady belonged to Brooklyn . In addition, "The Rising" won the Grammy for Best Rock Song and for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance. This is also another area of the brain that goes untouched by Alzheimers. After Douglas death in 1998, she looked after Bruce and his siblings. She is, nevertheless, a huge fan of Eddie Testa and his Jersey Shore Band, Eddie Testa Band. In his acclaimed return to Broadway this week, rock-and-roll star Bruce Springsteen spoke emotionally about his mother, Adele Springsteen, and candidly talked about her decadelong struggle. But when his manager, Mike Appel, orchestrated the release of an early mix of "Born to Run" to nearly a dozen radio stations, anticipation built toward the album's release. An In-Depth Look at Naomi Girmas Salary in Professional Soccer. In 1984, conservative columnist George Will attended a Springsteen concert and then wrote a column praising Springsteen's work ethic. [170], On February 22, 2021, it was announced that Springsteen was releasing an eight-part podcast on Spotify titled Renegades: Born in the USA that would feature himself in conversation with Barack Obama discussing a wide range of topics including family, race, marriage, fatherhood, and the state of the U.S.[171], On May 16, 2021, John Mellencamp announced that Springsteen would appear on his next album. Springsteen's songs became grander in form and scope with the E Street Band providing a less folksy, more rhythm and blues vibe, and the lyrics often romanticized teenage street life. Van Zandt "sang each horn player his part, with the lines, the timing and the inflection all perfect. Why Is Bruce Springsteens Relationship With His Mother So Strong? And on a night when I needed to feel young, he made me feel like I was hearing music for the very first time. When she got older, she became a still photographer and photographed the pictures for his record singles. His father, Douglas Frederick Springsteen, was a bus driver. The elder Springsteen held a variety of. He revealed that his mom rented him his first-ever musical instrument guitar while Bruce was just seven years of age. According to Today, Bruce Springsteen stated these: My mother loves to dance. He later reformed the E Street Band in the 2000s. The former legal secretary, Adele Ann Springsteen, has two more kids besides her celebrity son, Bruce Springsteen. He released a new album, published a book, and even became a podcaster, releasing an original podcast with former President Barack Obama. Concert goers are often confused by the fact that Springsteen appears to be booed by his fans when he appears on stage. }); window._taboola = window._taboola || []; 1 Album on Billboard 200 Chart", "Bruce Springsteen scores 10th UK number one album", "Steve Van Zandt Talk Bruce Springsteen's 'Lillehammer' Appearance", "A+E's 'Shining a Light' to Feature Bruce Springsteen, Jamie Foxx", "Watch Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band: The Ties That Bind From Saturday Night Live", "Bruce Springsteen and The E Street Band Announce 2016 The River Tour", "A statement from Bruce Springsteen on North Carolina", "Bruce Springsteen Is The Boss of the New York Times Best Sellers List With 'Born To Run', "Springsteen breaks concert length record yet again in Philly; see the setlist", "Springsteen breaks his record for longest US show", "Bruce Springsteen, Beyonc post top-grossing tours of 2016", "Bruce Springsteen, Robert De Niro, Lorne Michaels Awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom", "Bruce Springsteen plays farewell gig for Barack Obama at the White House", "Bruce Springsteen heads to Broadway this fall", "Bruce Springsteen Is Bringing His Music and His Memories to Broadway! Because of Springsteen's lyrical poeticism and folk rock-rooted music exemplified on tracks like "Blinded by the Light"[note 1] and "For You", as well as the Columbia and Hammond connections, critics initially compared Springsteen to Dylan. [233], On July 17, 2022, Springsteen and Scialfa became first-time grandparents when their son Sam and his fiance had a daughter. [4], Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen was born at Monmouth Medical Center in Long Branch, New Jersey, on September 23, 1949. Springsteen's father, Douglas Frederick Springsteen, was of Dutch and Irish ancestry and worked as a bus driver. The New Jersey native opened up about his mother's personality and presence when he was growing up, highlighting her "jolly old soul." [73], Springsteen released the much more sedate and contemplative Tunnel of Love album in 1987. Shes 95 and shes 10 years into Alzheimers and thats taken a lot away from us. Perhaps if Adele had never rented that guitar for Bruce, his career could have taken a very different turn and we wouldnt be blessed with classics such as Born In The USA and Streets Of Philadelphia. Her brother, Bruce Springsteen, became a nationwide rock star in the early 70s and Pam sometimes went on tour with him. [184], On September 29, 2022, Springsteen announced that his twenty-first studio album, Only the Strong Survive, would be released on November 11, 2022. This was followed by Darkness on the Edge of Town (1978) and The River (1980), which topped the Billboard 200 chart. Looking for Ann Adele online? [64], In September 1979, Springsteen and the E Street Band joined the Musicians United for Safe Energy anti-nuclear power collective at Madison Square Garden for two nights, playing an abbreviated set while premiering two songs from his upcoming album. They also played in Richmond, Virginia,[31] Nashville, Tennessee, and California,[29] quickly gathering a cult following. Studies have shown that playing music from someones childhood is known to help improve their mood, promote relaxation, and prevent behavioral issues. The house that Bruce Springsteen's mother Adele lived in, 467 75th St. in Bay Ridge. The 2014 E Street Band touring lineup, along with deceased E Street Band members Clarence Clemons and Danny Federici, appear on the album. adele springsteen obituary | May 23 / 2022 | lakeridge country club membership feeslakeridge country club membership fees ", "Top Selling Artists December 04, 2013", "Throwback Thursday: Bruce Springsteen Plays in Cambridge", "Bruce Springsteen wins 2021 Woody Guthrie Prize", Wachovia Spectrum, Philadelphia, PA 10/20/09, The Live Series: Songs from Around the World, The Born in the U.S.A. 12" Single Collection, The Promise: The Darkness on the Edge of Town Story, The Promise: The Making of Darkness on the Edge of Town, Badlands: A Tribute to Bruce Springsteen's Nebraska, High Noon (Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darlin'), Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be), American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist, Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Song, Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born), Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip, Wings for Wheels: The Making of Born to Run, When You're Strange: A Film About The Doors, The Beatles: Eight Days a Week - The Touring Years, Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media, The New York Public Library Theatre Collection, The National Theatre Company of Great Britain, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bruce_Springsteen&oldid=1142080197, Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters, Juno Award for International Album of the Year winners, People from Colts Neck Township, New Jersey, People from Ocean Township, Monmouth County, New Jersey, Articles with dead external links from June 2022, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Articles with dead external links from June 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Articles lacking reliable references from November 2021, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Cheryl Crawford / Equity Liberty Theatre /, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 11:32. Bruce Springsteens mother, Adele Springsteen, has had Alzheimers for the last ten years. '"[242] In 2012, he lent his support to an ad campaign for gay marriage called "The Four 2012". 1 in 10 countries. 143 Views. [236] During this time, he also became frustrated with being an underweight "fast food junkie" who had to be helped off the stage after a show due to his poor health, and thus began following a mostly vegetarian diet while running up to six miles on a treadmill and lifting weights three times a week. The Mass of Christian Burial will be celebrated at 10:00 AM . [6] She worked as a legal secretary and was the main breadwinner in the family. Adele Ann Springsteen - Biographical Summaries of Notable People - MyHeritage Adele Ann Springsteen In Biographical Summaries of Notable People Save this record and choose the information you want to add to your family tree Save record Adele Ann Springsteen Save this record and choose the information you want to add to your family tree Save record & More", "Bruce Springsteen Joins John Mellencamp on Contemplative 'Wasted Days', "Springsteen on Broadway to Return to Broadway for Limited Run Beginning June 26", "Bruce Springsteen on Broadway and beyond: E Street Band tour, new music coming", "Bruce Springsteen Talks 'Broadway' Return, New Music with Killers and John Mellencamp, and 2022 tour? Later, Adele, with her parents and sisters, relocated to Freehold, New Jersey, where she found her future husband, Douglas Springsteen. It was clear to Adele Springsteen from an early age that Bruce was destined to be a musician. You might be astonished to learn that Bruce Springsteens mother, Adele Ann Springsteen, is not from the Garden State. [182], On May 24, 2022, it was announced that he would be launching an international tour with the E Street Band in 2023, the first such since 2017. [7] His father, Douglas Frederick "Dutch" Springsteen (1924-1998), [8] [9] worked various jobs such as a bus driver. He was married to Adele Springsteen. Many of the songs on Tunnel of Love described the unhappiness he felt in his relationship with Phillips. This is what she has put her trust in and lived her life by and which, despite all she has suffered, she carries on with to this moment, as if lifes beauty never deserted her. The book rose quickly to the top of the NY Times Best Sellers List. Springsteen became interested in creating music when he was seven after watching Elvis Presley perform on The Ed Sullivan Show. His younger sisters are two. They both knew he was playing guitar and managing Southside Johnny and the Asbury Jukes, who had the sound they were seeking. Manfred Mann's Earth Band had achieved a U.S. No. window._taboola = window._taboola || []; Playing music that is directly linked to a sufferers own life and memories can even help the sufferer to dig up lasting memories that are associated with the music. Our content aims to be informative and entertaining, often discussing the lesser-known moments in history. By using this site, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. In his glowing assessment of Steel Mill, Elwood wrote that he had "never been so overwhelmed by a totally unknown talent"[32] and called the band "the first big thing that's happened to Asbury Park since the good ship Morro Castle burned to the waterline of that Jersey beach in '34". I don't make plans for Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band but I feel very good about the next 18, 24 months. Man Man Chi : Ipoh-style curry chwee kueh, handmade snacks & glutinous rice with recipes from ancestors. 5 Reasons Why Midge Purce is Making a Name for Herself in Soccer, Angus Young And Malcolm Youngs Brother, George Young. He is the son of Douglas Frederick and Adele Ann Springsteen, a legal . Adele Ann Zerilli Springsteen Home About Photos Posts Community Create a Page Like Share Block Page Send Message See more of Adele Ann Zerilli Springsteen on Facebook Log In or Create new account Community See All 989 people like this 1,006 people follow this About See All Contact Adele Ann Zerilli Springsteen on Messenger Public Figure The video for the song showed a young Courteney Cox dancing on stage with Springsteen, which helped start the actress's career. She has two daughters, younger than Bruce, named Virginia Springsteen Shave and Pamela Springsteen. The lyrics in the verses were entirely unambiguous when listened to, but the anthemic music and the title of the song made it hard for many, from politicians to the common person, to get the lyricsexcept those in the chorus, which could be read many ways. [96][97][98], Springsteen's next album, entitled Magic, was released on October 2, 2007. Help us build the largest biographies collection on the web! [130], In late July 2013, the documentary Springsteen & I, directed by Baillie Walsh and produced by Ridley Scott, was released simultaneously via a worldwide cinema broadcast in over 50 countries and in over 2000 movie theaters.
Deepak Parekh Net Worth 2020,
1963 Wisconsin Badgers Football Roster,
Articles A