wbos physical therapy abbreviation
Quick reference dictionary for physical therapy. Flexion (FLEX) is also a popular movement abbreviation used to note the bending of a joint, such as the elbow, knee, or wrist. Click to reveal Six Advancements in Physical Therapy for 2023, Interview Questions for Physical Therapists to Hire the Right Fit, AAROM Active Assistive Range of Motion, COPD Congestive Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, ESWT Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy, FIM score Functional Independence Level, HVGS High Voltage Galvanic Stimulation, NDT Neuro-Developmental Technique (Bobath Technique), NMES Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation, NSAIDS Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, PNF Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, PTA Physical Therapy Assistant/Physical Therapist Assistant, RICE Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, TENS Transcutaneous Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation. Physical Therapy Abbreviations (A-Z) Use this resource to review the most common abbreviations in physical therapy and their meanings: # 50%WB: 50 percent weight bearing A : Before AAROM: Active assistive range of motion ABD: Abduction ACJ: Acromioclavicular joint ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament AD: Assistive device ADD: Adduction When I finally learned how to document correctly, it saved me about 30 to 60 minutes a day. While the APTA does not endorse a standard set of physical therapy abbreviations (maybe it should) you can find plenty of resources that share common words that are shortened by PTs. Again, this is not an exhaustive list, and we know the educational opportunities available to PT professionals are always evolving. Thanks, as always, for your excellent customer service. Examples include crutches and walkers. When laying out your physical therapy documentation needs, such as the development of a SOAP note, procedure abbreviations you can expect to write include three times a day (TID), date of surgery (DOS), and history of (H/o). Yes! activity of daily living. BOS stands for Base of Support (physical therapy) Suggest new definition. Likewise, equipment abbreviations can also be used to outline exercise equipment including upper body ergometers (UBE) and home exercise programs (HEP) which assist in regaining and enhancing movement throughout treatment. Another frequent abbreviation is passive range of motion (PROM), to recognize movements aided by something or someone, such as a physical therapist. Weight-bearing, which is the WB physical therapy abbreviation, refers to the amount of weight one puts on an injured body part. Base Of Support (BoS)'' The base of support (BoS) refers to the area beneath an object or person that includes every point of contact that the object or person makes with the supporting surface. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Physical Therapy Abbreviations 19. You broke a leg and now youre in physical therapy. Top Contributors - Garima Gedamkar, Ruairi O'Donohoe, Rewan Elsayed Elkanafany, Karen Wilson, Kim Jackson, Scott Buxton, Venkata Nagaraj Mummadisetty, Leana Louw, Lucinda hampton and Aminat Abolade. Examples include crutches and walkers. Tx. These well-crafted documentation phrases save you time by providing you with inspiration on how to phrase the skill you provide to your patients. https://www.webpt.com/blog/post/the-most-common-physical-therapy-abbreviations/, https://www.hse.ie/eng/about/who/qid/quality-and-patient-safety-documents/abbreviations.pdf, https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Abbreviations_in_physiotherapy&oldid=325372, Except when used as part of an approved abbreviation, Avoided unless used as part of an official grading system, Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment or Contact Guard Assist, electroencephalogram, electroencephalograph, Gross Motor Function Classification Scale, Intermittent positive pressure ventilation, Intermittent positive pressure respiration, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Neurosensory Motor Developmental Assessment, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, physiotherapy/ physical therapy, physiotherapist/, Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, Superior labrum anterior-posterior lesion, subjective, objective, assessment, plan, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, Paediatric functional independence measure. When you see it, youll now know the difference between a "SAQ" and "STM." Link to this page: Site: Follow: Facebook After your initial assessment, your PT is going to set a treatment course to help improve your life. But if you don't know what the shortened terms mean, you might end up with more questions than answers. Contact Guard Assist. What is the difference between a DPT and a PT? Broken Ankle: What Are the Differences? Your IP: The exercises involve improving motion in your lower extremity joints, improving strength and balance, and mimicking the repetitive nature of your legs that occur while walking. BVL: Bilateral Vestibular Loss. Transplantation, Biomedicine, Bioengineering A total of 266 credit hours are to be completed through ten semesters (5 years) before graduation and the study is in English. To really push your medical terminology to top shelf, you might try checking out abbreviations after doctors names. Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy 124 West Street South, Third Floor Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone 703-299-3100 Fax 703 . Common Physical Therapy Abbreviations A AAROM - active assistive range . 100+ Common Physical Therapy Abbreviations YOU Should Know. SPTAcronymDefinitionSPTStandard Penetration Test (soil science)SPTSkin Prick TestSPTSony Pictures Television (est. The RPE scale is used to measure the intensity of your exercise. If you want to build a successful physical therapy clinic, there are a few non-negotiables youll want 7 Invisible Reasons Patients Arent Choosing Your PT Practice. AE. See other definitions of BOS. Read more, Physiopedia 2023 | Physiopedia is a registered charity in the UK, no. 12 Categories Suggest to this list Related acronyms and abbreviations Share WBOS Meaning page A lower CoG increases stability (it's unlikely that the line of gravity will fall outside the BoS. '' Not every term fits nice and neatly under a header. adaptive equipment. Activities of daily living (ADLs) - These are the activities that you do to care for yourself like bathing, dressing and feeding yourself. +. AROM. AAROM. adduction AFO ankle foot orthosis @ at AKA above knee amputee It usually refers to a foot, leg, or ankle that has been fractured or has been performed surgery on but it can also refer to resting on a wrist or arm. Our guides offer problem solving tips &growth strategies for your practice. Physical Therapy Abbreviations: 170 Most Common Terms for PTs. Sort. Condition abbreviations can be used to identify not only the specific concern PTs are dealing with but also to help identify what may have induced this condition in the patient. Performance & security by Cloudflare. The list of 1k Physical Therapy acronyms and abbreviations (February 2023): 50 Categories. Here are some of the abbreviations and shorthand terms commonly seen in physical therapy documentation. Stay current on all things rehab therapy. Examples of proper usage in written communication would be:Dr. Jane Smith, Doctor of Physical Therapy.Jane Smith, DPT. The abbreviations that follow have been approved for use on the Physical Therapist and Physical Therapist Assistant examinations. Meredith Castin, PT, DPT, is the founder of The Non-Clinical PT, a career development resource designed to help physical, occupational, and speech therapy professionals leverage their degrees in non-clinical ways. Discover how WebPT works across all of outpatient rehab. Do you see any common abbreviations that have been left out? Cookie Notice To ensure that all of those partiesincluding other medical professionals, patients, and clinical reviewerscan easily understand what youre trying to say, you may want to use a text expander. Wed love to hear from you! Thank you so much. So if you don't understand something that pertains to your care, ask them to explain. The most common physical therapy abbreviations. above knee amputation. Blend Images - JGI/Tom Grill / Getty Images. Don't keep it to yourself! But sometimes our abbreviations can get a little confusing! April 16, 2020 Clinical Experiences, Physical Therapy, Pre-PT, PT School. PT professionals often jokingly refer to the jumble of letters following our names as the alphabet soup of physical therapy. Indeed, if you consider the many designations and certifications out there, it can start to look excessive! For instance, abbreviations like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are used to identify the treated condition while motor vehicle accident (MVA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) are used to identify the cause for treatment. The RPE scale runs from 0 - 10. Assistive devices - You use these devices to assist in completing your normal daily activities. These therapeutic modalities might include exercises and other forms of treatment, like ultrasound and electrical stimulation, to get things up and moving again. Hip circles with no hands 7. There are many different abbreviations floating around out there, and we felt it made sense to create a comprehensive guide to PT shorthand. It was a lot, but you've made your way through physical therapy abbreviations like a champ. To find out what your disease, diagnosis or body part abbreviation means, check them here. Rehabilitation program - The physical therapist designs this program for you. Step ups with both hands 14. Your IP: active assistive range of motion. "j@$eV"YT"A$k"XDL;z+A$"}xf I y7Xd.[8 l#!30?0 Lw Abbreviations are used for many reasons in physical therapy: If you don't know what a word means in your physical therapy or rehab notes, ask your PT about it. Since there isnt a lot of time to write down crutches and walkers, they use physical therapy abbreviations to keep it simple. Your focus is rightly on your patients, Audits have been the talk of the town in 2021and for good reason. So far Ive got Ambulate weight bearing _ _ due to bilateral braces, but I cant figure out the O and the S. Can anyone help? by Dr. Nora Mraz II Published 1 year ago Updated 6 months ago What is the abbreviation for Physical Therapy? Psychiatry, . Then, youll know when you need an AuD or a DMD. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Fulfill every rehab therapy business need within one platform. OT - Occupational Therapist. Below is a list of commonly used abbreviations that are relevant to physiotherapy practice. Consider these seven categories of common physical therapy terms, along with relevant examples, to gauge which abbreviations would work best in your unique physical therapy practice. The use of treatment abbreviations provide a detailed look into the patient's episode of care and can be helpful for long-term documentation needs. *. Abbreviations [1] [2] [3]: Units: Frequency and time: Routes of Administration: Never abbreviate: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N - O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z And if they use a term you don't know when talking to you, ask them to explain it. Activities of daily living (ADLs) - These are the activities that you do to care for yourself like bathing, dressing and feeding yourself. There are many different abbreviations floating around out there, and we felt it made sense to create a comprehensive guide to PT shorthand. Then, well move on to professional designations. Transplantation, Biomedicine, Bioengineering. Privacy Policy. All rights reserved. Learn how WebPT enables all rehab therapy providers. As you already know, there are numerous musculoskeletal conditions and injuries that require patients to rely on the use of various assistive devices. They don't expect you to know what every medical term and its abbreviation means. . PCL: Posterior cruciate ligament. A neurobehavioral disorder that affects 3 to 5 percent of all American children. For example, 0 (nothing at all) would be how you feel when sitting in a chair; 10 (very, very heavy) is how you feel at the end of an exercise stress test . Procedure abbreviations are commonly used during physical therapy charting processes to help simplify the reading and completion of this administrative task. Assisted active range of motion(AAROM) often happens in physical therapy, when you need to build up flexibility or strength in a particular body part. Gross motor - These are the muscles you use for big movements, like walking or running. Tandem stance no hands 4. 2002; Culver City, CA)SPTSandpoint (Amtrak station code; Sandpoint, ID)79 more rows. Physiotherapy, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. endstream endobj startxref AROM - Active Range of Motion ( movement created by the patient ) PROM - Passive Range of Motion ( movement created by . Let us know in the comments and well add them. Suggest. Sit stands with one hand Level 3 1. There are dozens of PT abbreviations for clinical use. MWTherapy offers fast documentation via customizable templates and forms built by therapists for therapists. A DPT and a PT are the same thing. Range of motion abbreviations denote the level of joint or muscle mobility a patient currently demonstrates. Physical Therapy Abbreviations for Clinical Use. Physical Therapy Abbreviations. It's no secret that physical therapy documentation and patient charting can be both tedious and time-consuming. Archived post. Our association history dates back to 1921. Abbreviation for Therapy: 18 Categories. Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. If youre going or have gone to a physical therapist (PT), you might notice that your chart is full of abbreviations and acronyms. active range of motion. 13 popular forms of Abbreviation for Therapy updated in 2023. People with the DPT designation have earned the Doctor of Physical Therapy degree, while a PT may have a bachelor's or master's degree. BAPS Biomechanical Ankle Platform System, COTA certifi ed occupational therapy assistant, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, F, 3/5 fair (in reference to manual muscle testing), FES Functional Electrical Stimulation, G, 4/5 good (in reference to manual muscle testing), IDDM insuline dependent diabetes mellitus, MENS microcurrent electrical nerve stimulator, NIDDM non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, N/T numbness and tingling or not tested, OTR registered occupational therapist, PNF Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, SNAGS Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides, TENS transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator. This includes even the ones that arent functioning at their best. Privacy Policy. Keep in mind that abbreviations tend to be facility-specific, and when creating your notes, you should always consider that outside parties might eventually read them. BPD: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Physical therapy is a medical field, which means that all your body parts have abbreviations. It is used to measure how much you can move a joint on your own (active ROM) or with the assistance of someone else (passive ROM). The Free Dictionary WBOS Also found in: Wikipedia . This definition appears frequently and is found in the following Acronym Finder categories: Science, medicine, engineering, etc. Its no secret that physical therapy documentation and patient charting can be both tedious and time-consuming. There are a wide variety of abbreviation categories that are used during typical documentation and charting processes across the physical therapy space. So, patients come into physical therapy with a lot of different assistive devices, and therapists use different equipment to help them. 259 0 obj <> endobj Heel stand one hand 12. endstream endobj 260 0 obj <>/Metadata 15 0 R/Pages 257 0 R/StructTreeRoot 25 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 261 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 257 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 262 0 obj <>stream They also want to help educate you so you can take an active role in your rehab. PT is an abbreviation for your title as described on your state license (Physical Therapist), whereas DPT is the credentials you receive after graduating with your Doctor of Physical Therapy degree. For example, it makes sense that FLEX is short for flexion. Weight Bearing Status Grades Completing a 3-year Doctor of Physical Therapy program qualifies you to use the title Dr. in front of your name. 11. Add it HERE! The action you just performed triggered the security solution. See privacy policy and disclosure page for details. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. To find out what your disease, diagnosis or body part abbreviation means, check them here. This article is divided into two sections: clinical terminology and professional terminology. Suggest new definition Want to thank TFD for its existence? 0 When Physical Therapists document the progress of a patient, its common to see medical abbreviations within the notes. Filler Words to Avoid in PT Treatment Notes (and Other Documentation Missteps), You Audit Know: 5 Documentation Tips to Protect Your Practice From Audits, 5 Things Every SLP Should Know About Billing for Speech Therapy, Request a Free Demo Tim Fraticelli is a Physical Therapist, Certified Financial Planner and founder of PTProgress.com. I want to receive exclusive email updates from YourDictionary. What Is an Anterior Tibialis Tendon Rupture? Get the top BOS abbreviation related to Medical. Not only might they cover medical degree abbreviations, but also varying levels of independence. As a Physical Therapist, I have to be careful with the pt medical abbreviation because lowercase pt should mean patient, while upper case PT refers to Physical Therapist. Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE) is an acronym at the top of the physical therapy abbreviation list for documenting treatment recommendations. After your initial assessment, your PT is going to set a treatment course to help improve your life. Physical therapy equipment encompasses a wide range of resources and tools to meet the unique treatment, assessment, movement, and exercise needs of a patient. Castin, Meredith. There are just some common or positional terms used in medicine, like "beats per minute" and "head of the bed." Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. For example, horizontal abduction (Horiz ABD) can be used to identify the movement of the arms away from the bodys midline, while the external rotation (ER) abbreviation is used to identify the outwards rotating movement of a patient's shoulder or hip. Terms by System: MDT - The McKenzie Method or Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy PDM - pain during movement ERP - end range pain ANR - adherent nerve root A - abolished, or Sx eliminated ambulate, ambulated Ant Anterior before abd. PTA - Physical Therapist Assistant. AAROM active assistive range of motionABD abductionAC acromioclavicularACDF anterior cervical discectomy and fusionACJ acromioclavicular jointACL anterior cruciate ligamentAD assistive deviceADD adductionADL activity/activities of daily livingAFO ankle foot orthosisAICD automated implantable cardiac defibrillatorAKA above-knee amputationAmb ambulationA/P anterior/posteriorAROM active range of motionB bilateralBID twice a dayBKA below-knee amputationc (with a line over it) withCABG coronary artery bypass graft (open heart surgery)CGA contact guard assistCKC closed kinetic chainC/O complains ofCP cold pack, cerebral palsyCPM continuous passive motionCTx cervical tractionDDD degenerative disc diseaseDF dorsiflexionDJD degenerative joint diseaseEEG electroencephalogramEOB edge of bedER external rotationEstim or ES electrical stimulationEV eversionEx exerciseEx Lap exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopyExt (or /) extensionFIM functional independence level (also called FIM score)Flex (or ) flexionFWB full weight-bearingFx fractureFWW front-wheeled walkerGHJ glenohumeral jointHEP home exercise programHKAFO hip-knee-ankle foot orthosisHNP herniated nucleus pulposus (herniated disc)H/o history ofHOB head of bedHoriz horizontalHP hot packHVGS high-voltage galvanic stimulationHx historyI (or Ind) independentI&D incision and drainage (debridement)ICD-10 10th revision: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health ProblemsInv inversionIonto iontophoresisIR internal rotationITB iliotibial bandKAFO knee ankle foot orthosisL leftLAQ long-arc quadLBQC large-base quad caneLCL lateral collateral ligamentLE lower extremityLOA level of assistLOS length of stayLP leg pressLSO lumbosacral orthosisLTG long-term goalsMax A maximum assistMCL medial collateral ligamentMD medical doctorMFR myofascial releaseMHP moist hot packMin A minimum assistMm muscleMMT manual muscle testMob mobilizationMod I modified independentNBQC narrow base quad caneNDT neuro-developmental techniqueNMES neuromuscular electrical stimulationNWB non-weight bearingOKC open kinetic chainOOB out of bedPCL posterior cruciate ligamentPF plantarflexionPfin paraffin bathPFS patellofemoral syndromePhono phonophoresisPMX (or PMHx) past medical historyPNF proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitationPro pronationPROM passive range of motionPt patientPUW pick-up walkerPWB partial weight bearingPD peritoneal dialysisPEG percutaneous endoscopic gastrotomyPICC peripherally inserted central catheterPLIF posterior lumbar interbody fusionQ everyQC quad caneQD every dayQID four times a dayR rightRC rotator cuffRD radial deviationRICE rest, ice, compression, elevationRN registered nurseROM range of motionRot rotationRT respiratory therapist/therapyRW rolling walkerRx treatmentS (with a line over a lower cased S) withoutSAQ short arc quadSB side bending (or Swiss ball)SBA stand-by assistSBQC small base quad caneSC straight caneSLR straight leg raiseSPC single-point caneSTM soft tissue mobilizationSTS sit-to-standSup supinationSW standard walkerTB TheraBand, tuberculosisTDWB touch-down weight bearingTENS transcutaneous electrical neuromuscular stimulationTHA total hip arthroplastyTher Ex therapeutic exerciseTHR total hip replacementTID three times a dayTKA total knee arthroplastyTKR total knee replacementTLSO thoracic lumbar sacral orthosisTLIF transforaminal lumbar interbody fusionTM treadmillTMJ temporomandibular jointTotal A total assistTrxn tractionTTWB toe-touch weight bearingUBE upper body ergometerUD ulnar deviationUE upper extremityUS ultrasoundWBAT weight bearing as toleratedWBQC wide-base quad caneWC (or w/c) wheelchairWFL within functional limitsWNL within normal limitsWW wheeled walker4WW four-wheeled walker# pounds. Forward reaching 16. Copyright 1988-2018 AcronymFinder.com, All rights reserved. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. He loves to teach PTs and OTs ways to save time and money in and out of the clinic, especially when it comes to documentation or continuing education. Many people see January 1 as an opportune time to set goals and expand their knowledge or Meredith Castin, PT, DPT, is the founder of. BOS. Whatever the case, when it comes to range of motion, youll find lots of different PT abbreviations. Range of motion (ROM) is a term used to describe how far you can move a joint or muscle in various directions. (I work night shift otherwise Id call them myself, but Im assuming theyre sleeping). PT professionals often jokingly refer to the jumble of letters following our names as the alphabet soup of physical therapy. Indeed, if you consider the many designations and certifications out there, it can start to look excessive! This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Andersen Ross Photography Inc / DigitalVision / Getty Images. Send us a note. But what do all these terms that they're throwing at you actually mean? Click to reveal Range of motion is one common reason that you are going to physical therapy. These terms are especially relevant in physical therapy, sports medicine, neuro-rehabilitation, prosthetics, orthotics, and other areas of medicine that focus . Suggest. If you are going to physical therapy, it means that you are trying to improve your range of motion or reduce your pain. See a certified medical, financial, or legal professional for advice. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Deformity - This is when a body part or bone is different than what it normally would be. Explore common physical therapy abbreviations for assistive devices and equipment. Laura Inverarity, PT, DO, is a current board-certified anesthesiologist and former physical therapist. ADL. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Contact WebPT Suggest. ADLs are a cornerstone of occupational therapy treatment. Abbreviations are used for many reasons in physical therapy: 1. Assistive devices - You use these devices to assist in completing your normal daily activities. For student PTs who are just starting in the clinic, its great to review this list in case you run into some language in the documentation that youre not familiar seeing. See how WebPT helps you over your biggest business hurdles. You might be trying to get rotation back into your shoulder or extend into a new range of motion after a back surgery. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7a2aba94cd8aa11c hbbd```b`` Approved abbreviations may vary widely by facility, area of practice, and geographical location. ROM - Range of Motion. A number of Physical Therapy abbreviations are used today, so we wanted to provide a comprehensive guide to Physical Therapy acronyms for PTs and PTAs to use to refer to various movements, devices, viewpoints, anatomical landmarks, surgical procedures, and certifications. Here are 170 of the most common physical therapy abbreviations. 13 short forms of Therapy. As with the many different diseases and conditions a physical therapist must document, there are also numerous physical therapy abbreviations that are used for the identification of the accompanying treatments. Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). Here is a terminology/acronym post for those of you following along and wondering what things like ERP, SFMA, DN, FN, etc mean. It can be hard to give documentation your full attention. Well start with the abbreviations that are generally used in clinical practice and documentation. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Common Physical Therapy Abbreviations A : Before AAROM: Active Assistive Range of Motion ABD: Abduction ACJ: Acromioclavicular Joint ACL: Anterior Cruciate Ligament AD: Assistive Device ADD: Adduction ADL: Activities of Daily Living AFO: Ankle Foot Orthosis (used to treat foot drop) AKA: Above Knee Amputation Amb: Ambulation So, patients come into physical therapy with a lot of different assistive devices, and therapists use different equipment to help them. ADLs refer to the daily activities needed for survival- feeding, dressing, toileting, etc. These treatment abbreviations will be used to improve inflammation, circulation and pain. 1173185. So, well update this article periodically as we learn of more exciting certifications and specializations! Stay on top of the latest rehab therapy tips, trends, and best practices with our weekly blog digest. Current Issues in Physical Therapy in 2023 and How to Tackle Them, Four Key Physical Therapist Characteristics To Look For When Hiring, 4 Ways To Increase Profit In Your Physical Therapy Practice, Physical Therapist Burnout: Causes and Prevention, 3 Effective Physical Therapy Practice SEO Techniques. feet or hands, or they may include things like crutches or the chair a person is sitting in. How Is Physical Therapy Used After a Total Ankle Replacement.
1993 Usc Football Roster,
Jojo Siwa And Jace Norman Relationship,
Relationship Between Gis And Cartography,
Grand Island Crime News,
Articles W